How to Estimate Time and Distance on a Hike

Figuring out how many kilometers you need to cover and how long it will take are crucial questions when planning an expedition. We're used to road signs and speedometers telling us where we are in a car. On a hike, we'd like to know that too.
Unfortunately, it's not that simple—measuring distance in steps, especially over rough terrain, is monotonous and tedious. A map can show the total distance to your destination, but it doesn't account for hills, gullies, and other obstacles that add extra kilometers. So, distance can only be estimated. However, there are situations where a rough calculation of time and distance is not only useful but necessary.

How to Read a Map Correctly and Plan the Perfect Route

In the United Kingdom, you have access to excellent maps created by the Military Topographic Service. However, not all maps are of such high quality, so you must learn to extract the maximum amount of information from them. To do this, you need to master topographic symbols.

The Skill of Land Navigation: Working with a Compass and Map

The ability to determine your location is a key skill for any traveler. It distinguishes a prepared individual from an ordinary nature enthusiast and can be critical in an emergency. This is important not only in remote wilderness areas but in any terrain where one faces the elements. Confident navigation is the key to a successful trip.

Teamwork: How to Make a Hike Successful

Whether you're staying at a stationary camp with many people or have stopped for the night with a small group on a trek, you should always feel like part of a team. I have spent a lot of time traveling in small groups through the planet's most severe environments.

Maintaining General Hygiene on a Camping Trip

While each person is responsible for their own personal hygiene, when in a camp or on a hike, everyone must also be accountable for communal, or general, hygiene.

Waste Disposal

When setting up camp, designate a waste collection area with separate zones for kitchen wastewater, biodegradable waste, and non-biodegradable waste.

Personal Hygiene in Camping Conditions

The word "hygiene" originates from the name of the ancient Greek goddess of health, Hygieia. And this is no coincidence, as maintaining cleanliness is not just a matter of convenience, but the foundation of well-being, especially when away from home. In camping or stationary camp conditions, where people are in close contact, any infection spreads rapidly. It only takes one person to fall ill to jeopardize the entire group's outing. Therefore, hygiene rules in nature are a matter of collective safety and comfort.

"Iron" Rations: What to Take on a Hike for an Emergency

When heading out on a hike, it's important to anticipate unforeseen circumstances, such as running out of provisions. For this very reason, experienced hikers have an "emergency reserve" — special foods that provide a lot of slowly released energy, are lightweight, and have a long shelf life. Classic examples of this "iron" ration, tried and tested by scouts and travelers, are pemmican and pinole. They are quick to prepare, can be stored for years, and can help you endure a difficult situation.

Hydration on the Trail: How to Find, Purify, and Drink Water Correctly

The human body is resilient, but without water, it cannot survive more than a few days. Water forms the foundation of our bodies and is involved in all vital processes. We lose over 3 liters of fluid daily, and under hiking conditions—due to physical exertion, heat, cold, and altitude—these losses increase significantly. Replenishing them is a top priority.

How to Choose the Right Food for a Hike

The choice of food for a hike depends entirely on your itinerary and ability to carry gear. If you're backpacking and covering long distances on foot, the priority is lightweight, compact food. For a stationary basecamp accessible by car, you can afford a much wider and heavier range of provisions.

Why Hot Food on the Trail is a Necessity

You can survive on cold rations, but a hot meal at the end of the day truly warms you up, restores your energy, and boosts your spirits. It becomes a crucial element of survival, helps a team bond around the fire, and provides the strength to overcome challenges. Furthermore, heat treatment not only makes food tastier but also sanitizes it by killing harmful microbes and toxins. Knowing how to cook in the wild is key to staying healthy and feeling good.

Proper Nutrition on a Hike: The Foundation of Endurance and Good Mood

There's a reason people say the journey is made on a full stomach. A person, like a machine, needs fuel to keep moving forward. The more intense the load—for example, during a long trek with a heavy backpack—the more energy the body expends. A light breakfast that suffices for a quiet day at home will fall short after just a couple of hours on the trail.

How to Properly Build and Maintain a Fire While Camping

In the wild, fire is your indispensable ally. It provides warmth, cooks your food, illuminates your campsite, and creates a unique atmosphere of comfort. The ability to build a campfire is one of the key skills for any traveler. While it may seem like a complex ritual to many, it ultimately comes down to understanding the principles and thorough preparation.

How to Set Up a Comfortable Campsite

Even if you're only stopping for a single night, it's worth investing time in basic amenities—organizing a place to sleep and to wash. This isn't about luxury, but about practical comforts you can easily create from natural materials at hand using a bit of ingenuity.

How to Tie Knots and Make Rope Gear While Hiking

Knot-tying is one of the most valuable skills for any outdoors enthusiast. However, it requires having rope on hand, which is a resource always in limited supply. To be truly prepared for the challenges of the wild, it's crucial to learn how to create your own cordage—thread, cords, and ropes—from natural materials. Fortunately, this is easier than it seems, and this skill will prove useful far more often than you might think.

Building a Shelter for a Camping Trip

From the most primitive wigwam to the tallest skyscraper, all human-made structures serve the same fundamental role: to provide protection from rain and snow and to retain warmth. You don't need to be an architect to build a simple shelter. By mastering a few basic principles, you'll be amazed at the variety of man-made refuges you can create.

Natural Shelters for an Overnight Hike

Modern tents are a fantastic invention. But what should you do if you don't have a tent with you? Perhaps you've gotten lost in the woods, or maybe you've just decided to test your skills and build a shelter from whatever you can find in the forest. This is not only an exciting challenge but also an invaluable experience that will give you unforgettable memories.

The Art of Choosing the Perfect Campsite

Your tent is your home away from home on a hiking trip. It's where you sleep, rest, and take shelter from rain and wind. The success of your camp largely depends on how well you choose the spot. Don't skip spending 10-15 minutes scouting the area—it will save you hours of sleep and a lot of frustration. Since a perfect site is rare, it's crucial to know which compromises are acceptable and which are not.

A Saw on a Camping Trip: Selection, Use, and Care

On a camping trip, a saw and an axe work well together, though an axe is often the more versatile tool. If you have to choose just one, many opt for the axe. However, if your pack weight allows for a saw, you will quickly appreciate its main advantage: the speed of gathering firewood. A saw is also indispensable when you need a clean and precise cut, for instance, when making camp furniture. Furthermore, saws are generally safer than axes and are a lifesaver in difficult situations—when you're tired, cold, or when dusk is falling, processing wood becomes much easier with a saw.

A Camping Axe: How to Choose, Use, and Maintain It

A good axe is an indispensable companion on any camping trip. It is perfect for chopping firewood, preparing tent pegs, and clearing branches of twigs. However, this tool demands respectful handling, as it can be dangerous in inexperienced hands. To get the most out of it, it's essential to know the basics of selection, use, and maintenance.

How to Choose, Use, and Maintain a Camping Knife

When heading out on a multi-day hike, be sure to pack a reliable knife—or better yet, two. This tool will become your indispensable helper in a variety of situations, from gathering kindling for a fire and setting up camp to sharpening other tools. While a Swiss Army knife is a useful item, it can't handle tasks that full-sized knives, axes, and saws are built for. Your final kit will depend on your pack's weight, but knowing how to properly select, use, and maintain cutting tools is an essential skill for any outdoors enthusiast.