Ready-Made Natural Shelters
The ideal option is to use shelters that nature has already created. The problem is that they are not very common. And even if you are lucky enough to find such a spot, remember the potential dangers that may be lurking there.
Caves
A cave seems like the perfect refuge. It's no wonder our ancestors used them as homes. A dry and comfortable cave can provide a cozy overnight stay. However, most of them are far from ideal: they are often damp and cold inside, and with the onset of night, absolute darkness sets in.
Lighting a fire in a cave without ventilation can lead to smoke filling the space. You should especially avoid caves inhabited by bats or birds. Their droppings can harbor fungi that cause histoplasmosis (Darling's disease), which can sometimes be fatal.
In some parts of the world, there are more exotic threats, such as vampire bats. Their bites are almost unnoticeable, as they inject a substance that prevents blood clotting. These animals often bite the softest areas—earlobes, fingers, and the scalp. Waking up in the morning with your hair wet from your own blood is not the most pleasant way to start the day.
Overhanging Cliffs and Ledges
Such shelters are also rare, but they can make an excellent refuge, especially if they face south and are warmed by the sun. Before settling in for the night, check the ground at the base of the cliff: if it's damp, you won't be sheltered here from the rain.
Another nuance is that strong drafts often occur under overhanging cliffs (the Venturi effect). If possible, you can build low windbreak walls around your camp from available materials. If not, a reliable sleeping or bivy bag will help keep you warm.
Trees with Dense Canopies
If you come across a tree with a very thick, spreading canopy, it can provide good protection from the elements, except perhaps for the heavial downpour. This is an option for a short-term stop, not for a long-term camp. However, you shouldn't disregard it: in a critical situation, such a tree could save your life, saving you from many hours of exhausting shelter-building work. The main principle is that a smart traveler always uses what nature itself has provided.
Next guide: Building a Shelter Yourself Previous guide: The Art of Choosing the Perfect Campsite You can view the full list here: Survival Guides for the Mountains
