When heading out on a hike, it's important to anticipate unforeseen circumstances, such as running out of provisions. For this very reason, experienced hikers have an "emergency reserve" — special foods that provide a lot of slowly released energy, are lightweight, and have a long shelf life. Classic examples of this "iron" ration, tried and tested by scouts and travelers, are pemmican and pinole. They are quick to prepare, can be stored for years, and can help you endure a difficult situation.

Pemmican: The Harsh Classic of Survival

When prepared correctly, this product contains almost all the necessary nutrients (except vitamin C). Its effectiveness is confirmed by history: during the Second Boer War, each British soldier carried a ration of 114g of pemmican and 114g of chocolate or sugar in a tin on their belt. This "iron ration" was calculated to last for 36 hours of marching and gave rise to the well-known expression.

How to make it: Mix equal parts of powdered dried meat and rendered suet (kidney fat) to a paste-like consistency. Store the mixture in an airtight container that does not let moisture in.

Despite its nutritional value and high calories, pemmican has a serious drawback — a terrible taste. There are known cases of expeditions (for example, those following Robert Scott's route to the South Pole) surviving on it, but long-term monotony could undermine health. Important advice: use pemmican only as a last resort.

Pinole: A Tasty and Healthy Alternative

This option is much more pleasant and healthier. The basis for pinole is dried, toasted corn kernels, which can be prepared in an oven or on coals. They are eaten whole or ground into flour. A handful of such powder, stirred into a cup of cold water, will provide a feeling of fullness for several hours. While pinole can be made from other grains, corn remains the most nutritious.

Modern Replacements

Today, you don't have to make everything yourself. The role of the "iron reserve" is perfectly filled by:
* Natural energy bars (essentially modern pinole).
* Ready-made trail mixes of nuts, dried fruits, and raisins.

The Golden Rule: Calculate with a Reserve

Lack of food on the trail leads to loss of energy, apathy, and slowed thinking. Therefore, careful meal planning is the key to a good mood and a successful hike, whether it's a weekend trip or a major expedition.

During physical exertion, the body expends much more energy. Never underestimate the amount of food needed. After calculating the norm, confidently add a little extra. It's better to take a little surplus (which can always be eaten with appetite) than to face a shortage.

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"Iron" Rations: What to Take on a Hike for an Emergency