Criteria for Choosing a Camping Axe
The range of axes is huge, and the main task is to find a balance between weight and functionality. An axe that is too large will be a burden on the trail, while one that is too small is less effective and less safe to use.
Size and Weight
A common recommendation: the handle of an axe placed on the ground alongside your outstretched arm should reach your armpit. However, such a tool may seem bulky. A compact hatchet weighing 500–1,000 grams is considered a versatile option for hiking. It won’t fell a large tree, but it handles gathering brushwood for a campfire well. Remember: the smaller the axe, the higher the risk of injury, because the blade is close to your hands.
Blade Shape: Which Is Better?
Лезвие — главный рабочий элемент. Существует три основных типа профиля, каждый со своими сильными сторонами:
The blade is the main working element. There are three main profile types, each with its own strengths:
• Convex: Ideal for splitting logs. However, a strong convexity prevents the blade from penetrating deep into the wood, requiring more effort.
• Concave: Excellent for limbing branches. The downside is that with a strong concavity, the axe will be hard to remove from a deep cut.
• Flat: Does not slip off the surface, making it the best choice for carpentry work, such as building a shelter.
The shape of the cutting edge is also important:
• Rounded: Resembles a knife tip. It enters wood easily and deeply, providing a clean cut. This type of axe is preferable for most camping tasks.
• Straight: Less versatile in field conditions.
The most practical option is considered to be the “half-hatchet” (a small forest axe) with a slightly concave blade and a rounded edge.
The Art of Sharpening: Bringing Back the Edge
A dull axe is nothing more than a useless weight. Only a sharp blade will become your reliable assistant. The sharpening process is similar to working with a knife, but with one difference: the sharpening stone moves, not the axe itself. This is a key safety rule.
• Important! • Always secure the axe firmly (on a table or, in camp, on a chopping block). Never place it on your lap—this is dangerous because of the nearby arteries. Work in gloves.
For a quality sharpening job, you may need a set of tools: a file, a diamond needle file, and a two-sided sharpening stone (coarse and fine grit).
The process consists of four steps:
1. Rough shaping (coarse truing). Used if the blade has nicks. Move the file away from you along the cutting edge at a 45° angle. Work both sides equally until all damage is removed. Do not overuse this procedure—it removes a lot of metal.
2. Fine sharpening. Take the diamond needle file and repeat the same movements, but toward yourself. This step can be skipped if the blade is in good condition.
3. Honing. Wet the coarse side of the sharpening stone. Work the blade with soft circular motions clockwise (from left to right). Do not wipe away the metal dust (swarf)—it participates in the process. Turn the axe over and repeat for the other side. Continue until the blade is sharp.
4. Stropping (final finishing). Use the fine-grit side of the stone. Make circular motions counterclockwise (from right to left) to remove micro-burrs and achieve razor sharpness.
Safety and Proper Storage
Working with an Axe:
• Choose a location: Make sure there are no people around and no overhanging branches above your head. You need enough space for a free swing.
• Match the tool to the task: Do not chop thick logs (more than 8 cm in diameter) with a small hatchet—a saw is better suited for this.
• Dress properly: Avoid long, loose clothing. Wear sturdy footwear.
• Check the tool: Make sure the handle is not damaged and the blade is securely mounted.
• Correct chopping technique: Hold the branch you are working on with your free hand yourself (do not delegate this to anyone!). Place it on a solid support (a stump). Do not chop at a right angle—make V-shaped notches at a 45° angle from both sides.
• Take breaks: Fatigue is the main cause of mistakes.
Carrying and Storage:
• On the trail: Carry the axe with the poll against your armpit and the blade pointing down. This way, if you fall, it will stick into the ground.
• Passing: Pass the tool with the poll forward, standing next to the person and facing the same direction.
• Storage in camp: Do not throw the axe on the ground. Stick it into a chopping block or lean it against a tree with the poll down. The ideal option is to put it in the tool tent.
• Using a sheath: Even in a leather sheath, a sharp axe can cut through it, so be careful.
• Long-term storage: Store the axe in a dry, cool place. Before putting it away, wipe the blade dry and oil it to protect it from rust.
Useful tip: To improve your striking accuracy, practice at home. Draw a line on a chopping block with chalk and try to hit it with the blade. And while chopping, don’t throw away the wood chips—they are excellent for starting a campfire.
With the right approach, this tool will become your reliable friend, helping you set up a comfortable and cozy camp on any trip.
Next guide: Пила в походе: как выбрать, применять и ухаживать Previous guide: How to Choose, Use, and Care for a Knife on a Hike
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